一种球面阵列天线极化补偿方法

    A Polarization Compensation Method for Spherical Array Antenna

    • 摘要: 共形阵列天线相较于平面阵列天线有着许多特殊的性质。球面阵列天线是一种典型的共形阵列天线,在其设计原理中,需要对阵元空间极化的变化所引起的相位值进行补偿;若这一部分得不到补偿,则相控阵天线无法高效率地合成波束,使阵面的效能降低,甚至在某一些特定指向上无法正常工作。如何高精度、全空域地补偿极化相位变化是天线设计的一项重要工作,文中提出了一种适用于圆极化球面阵列天线极化相位补偿的方法。不同于一般的静态补偿方法,所提方法关注于建立全阵面阵元与虚拟参考阵元相对运动的关系模型,通过运动关系计算所有阵元之间的空间圆极化相位差异。该方法是一种高精度、全空域覆盖的通用解决方案,可以作为一种通用算法适用于各种球面阵列天线设计中。

       

      Abstract: Compared with planar array antennas, conformal array antennas have many special characteristics. Spherical array antennas are a typical type of conformal array antenna, and in the design principle of spherical array antennas, it is necessary to compensate for the phase values induced by variations in the spatial polarization of array elements. If this part of compensation is not implemented, the phased array antenna cannot efficiently synthesize beams, which reduces the effectiveness of the array aperture and may even result in failure to operate normally in certain specific pointing directions. How to compensate for polarization-induced phase variations with high precision and across the entire airspace is an important task in antenna design. A method for polarization phase compensation of circularly polarized spherical array antennas is proposed in the paper. Different from the conventional static compensation method, the proposed method focuses on establishing the relative motion relationship model between each array element across the entire array and the virtual reference array element, and calculates the spatial circular polarization phase differences among all array elements through the motion relationship. As a universal solution featuring high precision and full spatial domain coverage, the proposed method can be employed as a general algorithm in the design of various spherical array antennas.

       

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