低轨通信卫星馈电切换及自主运行方法研究

    A Study on Feeder Link Handover and Autonomous Operation Management of LEO Communication Satellite

    • 摘要: 在我国低轨(LEO)卫星面临着境外信关站部署困境、数据落地需求激增及大规模LEO星座运维管控压力加剧的背景下,如何实现卫星过境时间内馈电链路有效通信时长最大化成为了关键挑战。为解决该问题,文中提出了基于星地双波束的馈电链路自适应跨站切换方法。该方法通过卫星依据地面信关站位置信息和实时卫星轨道数据自主控制双波束协同,达成了馈电链路无缝跨站切换。仿真结果表明,在三个信关站可见的场景下,该方法使单颗卫星馈电链路有效通信时长至少提升22%,且在跨站过程中确保业务无中断、数据无丢失,不引入业务包乱序风险及额外存储开销。同时,该方法支持馈电链路自主建链断链,显著降低了星座日常运维难度,为卫星通信系统的高效运行提供了创新解决方案。

       

      Abstract: Against the backdrop of the difficulties in deploying overseas gateway stations, the surging demand for data landing, and the escalating pressure on the operation, maintenance, and management of large-scale low earth orbit (LEO) constellations for China′s LEO satellites, maximizing the effective communication duration of the feeder link during the satellite′s transit time has become a crucial challenge. Addressing this issue, an adaptive cross-station handover method for feeder links based on satellite-ground dual beams is proposed in this paper. In that method, seamless cross-station handover of the feeder link is achieved by allowing the satellite to independently control the coordination of the dual beams according to the location information of the ground gateway stations and real-time satellite orbit data. Simulation results show that the proposed method can increase the effective communication duration of the feeder link for a single satellite by at least 22% in scenarios that three gateway stations are visible. Moreover, during the cross-station handover process the proposed method ensures no service interruption and no data loss, without introducing the risk of out-of-order service packets or additional storage overhead. Meanwhile, the proposed method supports the autonomous establishment and disconnection of the feeder link, significantly reducing the daily operation and maintenance difficulties of the constellation, and providing an innovative solution for the efficient operation of the satellite communication system.

       

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