一种多频段共口径测控数传一体化天线系统设计与实现

    Design and Implementation of a Multiband Common Aperture TT&C and Data Receiving Integrated Antenna System

    • 摘要: 针对民用航天测控数传一体化地面站对C/X/Ka三频段卫星信号高效率接收及过顶跟踪的任务需求,研制了一款多频段共口径测控数传一体化天线系统,解决了C/X/Ka三频段低轨卫星信号的高效率收发共用和全空域自动跟踪、天线系统过顶跟踪误差大的技术难题。文中提出了基于机械自锁的高精度天线频段切换技术以及基于多信息融合的伺服控制技术,研发了基于电动旋转频段切换体制的三轴7.3 m C/X/Ka频段反射面天线样机,并完成了相关的测试验证,实现了对C/X/Ka三频段卫星信号的稳定过顶跟踪。现场实测表明:所设计的天线样机接收增益、第一副瓣、差零深、指向精度、跟踪精度等指标均达到设计要求,其中X频段均方根跟踪误差达到0.032 0°,Ka频段均方根跟踪误差达到0.012 8°,均不大于半功率波瓣宽度的十分之一,对多频段测控天线系统的设计具有重要的指导意义。

       

      Abstract: For the requirements of high-quality reception and overhead tracking in the C/X/Ka-band satellite signals by civil aeronautics telemetry tracking and command (TT&C) and data receiving integrated ground satellite station, a multiband common aperture TT&C and data receiving integrated antenna system is developed which solves the technical problems of high efficiency transmit- receive shared, tracking in the whole airspace for the C/X/Ka-band low earth orbit satellite signals, and large tracking errors during zenith pass in antenna systems. High-precision antenna frequency continuous handover technology based on mechanical self-locking device and servo control technology based on multi-information fusion are proposed in this paper. A triaxial 7.3 m C/X/Ka-band reflector antenna prototype based on the electric frequency continuous handover system is developed, and relevant testing and verification are completed, achieving stable zenith passing tracking for C/X/Ka-band low earth orbit satellite signals. The on-site test results show that the designed antenna prototype meets design requirements for the receiving gain, the first sidelobe, null depth of different beams, pointing accuracy, and tracking accuracy. Notably, the root mean square tracking error for the X-band reaches 0.032 0°, while the Ka-band root mean square tracking error reaches 0.012 8°, both are no more than one-tenth of the half-power beam width. The proposed scheme provides important guidance for the design of multi-band TT&C antenna system.

       

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