基于散射点叠加与电磁仿真混合的风轮机叶片回波仿真与分析

    Wind Turbine Blade Echo Simulation and Analysis Based on Scattering Point Superposition and Electromagnetic Simulation

    • 摘要: 风轮机会对周围雷达等设备造成显著干扰,研究风轮机的电磁散射特性以及对其回波进行仿真对于风电场杂波抑制具有重要意义。基于此,文中首先提出了一种基于散射点叠加的线性调频信号体制雷达风轮机叶片回波建模方法,针对风轮机散射特性较为复杂的情况,采用电磁仿真软件,在考虑电磁波在叶片表面反射系数的基础上,构建了一种风轮机叶片回波的混合建模方案。该混合模型融合了散射点叠加方法与电磁仿真的优势,能够计算任意观测位置的风轮机叶片散射特性,并对回波的微多普勒特征进行分析,同时结合了线性调频脉冲信号,使其更接近实际工程应用。然后,根据建立的回波模型研究了风轮机叶片回波在时域、频域、时频域上的特征。最后,结合仿真验证分析了提出的混合模型和一般散射点叠加模型的优缺点,为实际工程中风轮机叶片的回波提供了有效的建模方法。

       

      Abstract: Wind turbines can cause significant interference to surrounding radar and other equipment. Studying the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of wind turbines and simulating their radar echoes are of great importance for clutter suppression in wind farms. Therefore a method for modeling the radar echoes from wind turbine blades is first proposed under a linear frequency modulation signal system based on scattering point superposition. Given the complexity of wind turbine scattering characteristics, a hybrid modeling scheme for wind turbine blade echoes is developed with the aid of electromagnetic simulation software, which takes into account the reflection coefficient of electromagnetic waves on the blade surface. That hybrid model combines the advantages of the scattering point superposition method and electromagnetic simulation, enabling the calculation of the scattering characteristics of wind turbine blades at any observation position. It also analyzes the micro-Doppler features of echoes and incorporates linear frequency modulation pulse signals to better approximate practical engineering applications. Then, based on the established echo model, the characteristics of wind turbine blade echoes in the time domain, frequency domain, and time-frequency domain are studied. Finally, a comparative analysis through simulation verifies the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed hybrid model and the conventional scattering point superposition model, providing an effective modeling approach for wind turbine blade echoes in practical engineering applications.

       

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