Abstract: During the target detection process, radar systems inherently face exposure risks due to continuous electromagnetic wave radiation. To simultaneously ensure accurate target detection and maintain low probability of intercept (LPI) characteristics, this paper proposes an adaptive radar radiation on-off switching decision criterion based on target localization and tracking accuracy. The framework comprises four key components: Firstly, we establish signal models for active radar detection and passive target localization. Secondly, an adaptive radiation switching decision criterion is developed using the predicted root mean square error (RMSE) of target localization and tracking. An empirical threshold is set where radar activation is triggered when the predicted RMSE exceeds this threshold (indicating degraded tracking accuracy), while radiation ceases when the predicted RMSE falls below this threshold (also indicating insufficient tracking accuracy). The switching decisions govern radar operation in the subsequent time step. Thirdly, active-passive cooperative localization and tracking are implemented through real-time data fusion and target state estimation at the current time step based on the switching decisions. Finally, simulation experiments validate the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.