基于深度学习的带外传输低RCS超表面设计

    Design of low-RCS metasurface with out-of-band transmissionvia deep learning

    • 摘要: 为解决隐身通信中天线罩系统对带外高传输性能和雷达散射截面(Radar cross section, RCS)降低的迫切需求,本文提出了一种基于深度学习的多功能超表面设计方法。该方法采用像素型超表面与带通频率选择表面(Frequency Selective Surface, FSS)的组合结构,分别实现了RCS缩减和窄带高效透波传输。为高效设计符合波束散射机制的高自由度像素型超表面,本文构建了融合自注意力机制的条件Wasserstein生成对抗网络(Self-Attention conditional Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Network, SA-C-WGAN),并结合ResNet18网络构成的前向预测网络,在1-20 GHz频段内实现了对16×16像素化拓扑结构的快速精确生成与相位预测。最终结合频率选择表面,设计并加工出了在12.5-18.5 GHz内低RCS,在6.5-7GHz透波的超表面阵列。实验结果表明,其在6.56–7.81 GHz频段的传输率优于-1 dB,在12.34–19.25 GHz频段的RCS降低超过10 dB,验证了该设计方法的有效性。

       

      Abstract: To address the pressing need for out‑of‑band high transmission performance and radar cross section (RCS) reduction in antenna‑radome systems for stealth communication, this study proposes a deep‑learning‑based multifunctional metasurface design approach. The proposed structure combines a pixel‑type metasurface with a band‑pass frequency selective surface (FSS) to achieve simultaneous RCS reduction and narrow‑band high‑efficiency transmission. For the efficient design of a high‑degree‑of‑freedom pixel‑type metasurface that satisfies the beam‑scattering mechanism, a self‑attention conditional Wasserstein generative adversarial network (SA‑C‑WGAN) was constructed and integrated with a forward‑prediction network based on ResNet18. This framework enabled rapid and accurate generation of 16 × 16 pixelated topologies along with phase‑response prediction across the 1–20 GHz band. Based on this method, a metasurface array exhibiting low RCS in the 12.5–18.5 GHz band and high transmission in the 6.5–7 GHz band was designed and fabricated. Experimental results show that the prototype achieves a transmission rate better than –1 dB within 6.56–7.81 GHz and an RCS reduction exceeding 10 dB within 12.34–19.25 GHz, verifying the effectiveness of the proposed design method

       

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