Abstract: With the growth of air transportation volume, the contradiction between ground operation safety and efficiency at airports has become prominent. This paper takes Mianyang Nanjiao Airport as an example and conducts research on the problem of low vehicle traffic efficiency and heavy control load caused by the overlap of the glide slope protection area and the surrounding patrol road. Through on-site comparison with the regulations, the current conflicts are identified; combined with the analysis of the glide signal structure and the calculation of the first Fresnel zone, it is identified that the east side of the ground protection area on the southeast end, including the entry waiting point and the 240-meter section connected to it, is outside the signal sensitive area. Further, through electromagnetic simulation, the impact of the patrol vehicles on the glide path structure under different positions and heights is quantitatively evaluated. The results show that: vehicle position is the main influencing factor, and vehicle height is secondary; an optimization scheme is proposed to adjust the east end of the ground protection area on the southeast side of the entry waiting point by 240 meters. Under the premise of ensuring the safety of the instrument landing system signal, the control distance of 240 meters is shortened, and the airport operation efficiency is improved. This plan has been successfully applied in the operation of Mianyang Airport, verifying its feasibility and practicability.