一种高斯混合模型的空间目标变轨数据生成

    A GMM Data Generation for Space Targets Orbit Maneuver

    • 摘要: 空间目标变轨检测数据是航天任务规划、轨道预测和空间态势感知的重要基础。但是空间目标感知体系获取的数据中,空间目标变轨数据相对无变轨数据较为稀少,导致使用深度学习算法出现了数据不平衡问题,影响了网络模型的训练,限制了深度学习算法在空间目标变轨检测中的应用。针对空间目标变轨数据稀缺和与无变轨数据不平衡的问题,本文提出了一种基于高斯混合模型的空间目标变轨数据生成方法,通过分析空间目标变轨的物理特性与数据特征,构建了适用于航天领域的高斯混合模型框架。使用TLE数据中的变轨数据对高斯混合模型进行训练,使用训练好的高斯混合模型生成空间目标变轨的TLE数据。实验结果表明,经过训练的高斯混合模型能够有效生成符合物理规律的空间目标变轨TLE数据,对深度学习网络进行训练,为航天任务提供了可靠的数据支持。

       

      Abstract: Space target maneuver data serves as a foundational element for space mission planning, orbital prediction, and space situational awareness. However, within the data acquired by current space target awareness systems, maneuver events are significantly sparser compared to non-maneuvering trajectories, leading to severe class imbalance in deep learning training datasets. The imbalance impedes model convergence and limits the generalization capability of deep learning networks in maneuver detection tasks. To address the scarcity of maneuver data and the resulting data imbalance, a generative learning framework tailored for space TLE data are given in this paper. By analyzed the physical dynamics and statistical characteristics of space target maneuvers, GMM architecture are constructed. Training is conducted exclusively on labeled maneuver segments from real TLE datasets for GMM, then the space target maneuver data of TLE format are generated by trained models. Experimental results demonstrated that the generated data closely adhere to known orbital mechanics and process better training for deep learning model in Support for space missions.

       

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