全W波段基于Butler矩阵的多波束喇叭阵列天线设计

    Design of Full W-Band Multi-Beam Horn Array Antenna Based on Butler Matrix

    • 摘要: 针对毫米波频段未来高速率通信系统的需求,本文提出一种基于Butler矩阵的多波束喇叭阵列天线,在全W波段范围内能够实现4种不同的波束指向。该天线由H面喇叭阵列天线集成Butler矩阵馈电网络实现,结构紧凑、易于实现E面分裂式计算机数控(Computer Numerical Control, CNC)加工。天线主要包括:1×4的H面喇叭阵列天线的设计;Butler矩阵中高性能关键器件耦合器的设计;全W波段具备稳定输出信号的Butler矩阵;以及H面喇叭阵列天线与Butler矩阵馈电网络的集成。采用主流的CNC技术对设计的多波束天线进行了加工测试,实测结果表明,天线在全W波段内回波损耗优于-10 dB,在中心频率92.5 GHz处实现了12.7°、-40.6°、42.8°和-12.1°四个波束指向,波束覆盖范围达到了±55.7°。

       

      Abstract:  To meet the demands of future high-data-rate communication systems in the millimeter-wave frequency band, this paper proposes a Butler matrix-based multi-beam horn array antenna capable of achieving four distinct beam directions across the full W-band. The antenna is realized by integrating an H-plane horn array antenna with a Butler matrix feeding network, featuring a compact structure and ease of fabrication using E-plane split computer numerical control (CNC) machining. The main contributions include: the design of a 1×4 H-plane horn array antenna; the realization of high-performance couplers as key components within the matrix; the development of a Butler matrix that provides stable output signals across the full W-band; and the integration of the H-plane horn array antenna with the Butler matrix feeding network. The multi-beam antenna was fabricated using mainstream CNC technology. Measured results demonstrate that the antenna achieves a return loss better than -10 dB across the entire W-band, and at the center frequency of 92.5 GHz, four beam directions of 12.7°, -40.6°, 42.8°, and -12.1° are realized, resulting in a beam coverage range of ±55.7°.

       

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