Abstract: The methodology is focused on of consistency analysis of both magnitude and phase for S-band dual-polarized weather radar.Error sources affecting the magnitude and phase consistency are classified into four main types, and eight types in detail. The physical mechanism, calibration technique, and calibration precision of each type error source are comprehensively analyzed, achieving predictable correction of the magnitude and phase consistency of orthogonal channels. The error analysis and calibration techniques in this paper are essential for the development S-band dual-polarized weather radar, and strongly support the radar engineering.