A Review of Research on Multifield Coupled Design and Multifunctional Integration of RF Smart Skins

As an advanced composite structure integrating load-bearing and electromagnetic functions, the radio frequency smart skin (RFSS) has demonstrated significant application potential in aerospace, defense, military, and wireless communication fields. Its core advantages are reflected in its conformal characteristics, multifunctional integration, and dynamic adaptability. Through the collaborative design of conformal curved antennas, distributed sensor networks, and smart materials, breakthroughs in intelligent regulation and dynamic stealth are achieved compared with traditional discrete devices. In this paper, by exploring the impacts of multi-field coupling effects, advanced materials and additive manufacturing technologies, as well as monitoring and regulation strategies on the composite structure, dynamic regulation, and electrical performance of the RFSS system, relevant research advances of RFSS are reviewed. Emphasis is placed on the mechanism of multi-field coupling effects on RFSS, while technical challenges and innovative trends are summarized. This study may provide theoretical references for academic research and engineering applications in related fields.